Development and Application of CRISPR/Cas in Microbial Biotechnology

Area of Science:

• Microbial Biotechnology
• Genomic Engineering
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) system has revolutionized genomic engineering.
• CRISPR/Cas tools offer high efficiency, accuracy, and flexibility compared to traditional methods.

Purpose of the Study:

• To discuss the key components for building reliable CRISPR/Cas systems.
• To provide an overview of various CRISPR/Cas tools for genome engineering.
• To highlight applications in metabolic engineering and future perspectives.

Main Methods:

• Review of CRISPR/Cas system components (Cas protein, guide RNA, donor DNA).
• Overview of CRISPR/Cas tools including gene activation, interference, orthogonal systems, and base editing.
• Summary of applications in multiplexed engineering, high-throughput screening, and metabolic engineering.

Main Results:

• CRISPR/Cas systems are versatile tools for microbial biotechnology.
• Various CRISPR/Cas tools enable diverse genome engineering strategies.
• Applications in metabolic engineering show promise for chemical and natural compound production.

Conclusions:

• CRISPR/Cas technology is a transformative tool in microbial biotechnology.
• The system's flexibility supports advanced genome engineering applications.
• Future advancements are expected in metabolic engineering and high-throughput screening.