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Sandeepa Kulala Vittala1,2, Remya Ravi1,2, Biswapriya Deb1,2

  • 1Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, India.

Chempluschem
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PubMed

Keywords:
cross-linkingelectron transportfullerenesphotovoltaicssolar cells

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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
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