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Induced Abortion and the Increased Risk of Maternal Mortality.

Patrick J Marmion1,2, Ingrid Skop3,4

  • 1American College of Preventive Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.

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|July 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Maternal mortality in the US is rising, with significant racial disparities. This review investigates the link between legal induced abortion and maternal deaths, suggesting it may be a contributing factor to increased mortality rates and disparities.

Keywords:
AbortionAbortion complicationsAbortion-related mortality rateContextual-level social determinants of healthIncestuous citingMaternal mortalityMaternal mortality ratioPlacenta accretaStructural inequalityWomen’s reproductive issues

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The United States has seen a sharp increase in maternal mortality rates, accompanied by widening racial and ethnic disparities.
  • Potential causes include improved surveillance, coding errors, healthcare disparities, social factors, and increased chronic diseases in pregnant individuals.
  • Pregnancy-related deaths are higher in the US compared to other developed nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between legal induced abortion and maternal mortality in the United States.
  • To identify unbiased strategies for improving pregnancy outcomes.
  • To explore the role of abortion in racial and ethnic disparities in maternal mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and data on maternal mortality and abortion.
  • Comparison of mortality risks associated with legal induced abortion and childbirth.
  • Analysis of data reporting and investigation practices for abortion-related deaths in the US.

Main Results:

  • In Finland, the risk of death from legal induced abortion is nearly four times greater than from childbirth.
  • US data collection on abortion deaths is incomplete, hindering accurate comparisons.
  • The death rate from legal induced abortion at 18 weeks gestation in the US is more than double that of vaginal delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Legal induced abortion is a significant factor contributing to increased maternal mortality and racial disparities in the US.
  • Incomplete reporting of abortion deaths in the US obscures the true impact on maternal mortality.
  • Abortion-induced morbidities may increase mortality risk in subsequent pregnancies.