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Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays

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Synchronization and control of capillary flows in rectangular microchannel with spacers.

Kui Song¹, Lina Zhang¹, Zheng Zhou¹

¹College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China.

Biomicrofluidics

|July 24, 2020

Summary

Capillary flow synchronization in microchannels was investigated. Spacers control liquid flow, balancing time delays and reducing velocities via liquid pinning for enhanced microfluidic device applications.

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Area of Science:

Microfluidics
Fluid dynamics
Surface science

Background:

Microfluidic devices are crucial for lab-on-a-chip and point-of-care diagnostics.
Capillary microfluidics offers self-powered, passive operation, making it ideal for portable applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally and theoretically investigate capillary flow synchronization in microchannels with spacers.
To identify and analyze the mechanisms behind capillary flow waiting behavior.

Main Methods:

Experimental study of capillary flows in rectangular microchannels with varying spacer designs.
Theoretical analysis involving time delay, contact angle variation, and capillary forces.
Development and verification of a model for contact angle change during synchronization.

Main Results:

Identified two basic synchronization modes for flows isolated by spacers.
Demonstrated that liquid pinning reduces faster capillary flow velocities.
Showed automatic balancing of time delays between capillary flows.
Estimated and verified liquid quantities in waiting channels.

Conclusions:

Capillary flow synchronization is controllable through spacer design.
The study provides a model for understanding and predicting capillary flow dynamics.
Expands the potential applications of capillary-driven microfluidics.