Development of Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Scaffolds Using Laminin Peptide-Conjugated Agarose Microgels

Three-dimensional (3D) cell scaffolds are essential for tissue engineering. So far, various polymer hydrogels have been utilized to design 3D scaffolds as a biomaterial. In this study, we focused on a biocompatible polysaccharide, agarose, as a potential biomaterial candidate. We have previously established a laminin-derived cell adhesive peptide library, and these peptides are useful for incorporating cell adhesiveness into inert materials. We synthesized aldehyde-functionalized agarose (CHO-agarose) by (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation of agarose and developed peptide-agarose scaffolds using two laminin peptides, CGG-A99 (CGGAGTFALRGDNPQG, binds to αvβ3 integrin) and CGG-AG73 (CGGRKRLQVQLSIRT, binds to syndecan). The peptides were effectively loaded onto the CHO-agarose gels via thiazolidine formation without coupling reagents. Two-dimensional (2D) cell culture assay using human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) showed that the peptide-agarose gels have potent cell adhesion activity and promoted cell proliferation. Furthermore, we developed a simple preparation method of 3D cell culture scaffolds using peptide-agarose microgels. HDFs cultured in a 3D environment of the A99-agarose microgel scaffold exhibited cell spreading morphology and proliferated significantly. These results suggest that 3D cell culture systems using peptide-agarose microgel scaffolds are promising as a biomaterial for tissue engineering.