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Nonenteral Pain Management.

Katherine Tinkey¹, Sai Alla¹, Nan Xiang²

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University, 1440 Clifton Road Northeast, Suite 400, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

|July 25, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Postoperative pain management after otolaryngologic surgery is challenging due to NPO requirements. Nonenteral pain medications offer effective alternatives for improved patient outcomes and satisfaction.

Keywords:

Adjuncts Analgesia Nonenteral Otolaryngology Pain

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Pain Management
Pharmacology

Background:

Otolaryngologic surgeries often necessitate prolonged periods of nil per os (NPO), complicating postoperative pain control via traditional oral routes.
Enteral medication administration is frequently impractical or impossible in these patients.
Alternative non-gastrointestinal routes are crucial for effective pain management.

Purpose of the Study:

To review nonenteral medication options for postoperative pain control in otolaryngologic surgery.
To highlight the role of multimodal strategies in managing pain and improving patient satisfaction.
To discuss the benefits of bypassing the gastrointestinal tract for medication delivery.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on nonenteral pain management strategies.
Identification of alternative medication administration routes (intravenous, transdermal, subcutaneous, rectal).
Analysis of nonenteral formulations of analgesics including opioids, acetaminophen, NSAIDs, and ketamine.

Main Results:

Nonenteral routes provide viable alternatives for opioid and non-opioid analgesics.
Intravenous, transdermal, subcutaneous, and rectal formulations are available for perioperative pain.
Multimodal approaches utilizing nonenteral medications can effectively manage pain.

Conclusions:

Nonenteral pain management is essential for otolaryngologic surgery patients.
A multimodal strategy incorporating nonenteral medications improves analgesia and patient satisfaction.
These strategies reduce reliance on oral medications and enhance perioperative care.