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Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury

Pratheema Ramachandran1, Devachandran Jayakumar1

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine : Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine
|July 25, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a common cause of kidney damage in hospitals. This review explores CI-AKI mechanisms and prevention strategies for better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a significant cause of hospital-acquired kidney damage.
  • CI-AKI encompasses a range of kidney injuries, from mild and reversible to severe and irreversible.
  • Understanding CI-AKI mechanisms and prevention is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review various contrast agents used in medical imaging.
  • To elucidate the pathophysiology of contrast-induced acute kidney injury.
  • To discuss and evaluate different strategies for preventing CI-AKI.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on contrast agents and CI-AKI.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms underlying CI-AKI development.
  • Synthesis of current evidence on preventive measures for CI-AKI.

Main Results:

  • The review covers diverse contrast agents and their nephrotoxic potential.
  • Pathophysiological pathways contributing to CI-AKI are detailed.
  • Various preventive strategies are discussed, highlighting their efficacy and limitations.

Conclusions:

  • CI-AKI remains a critical clinical challenge with incompletely understood mechanisms.
  • Further research into CI-AKI pathophysiology and optimized preventive strategies is warranted.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians managing patients at risk of CI-AKI.

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryContrast-induced acute kidney injuryNephrotoxicity

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