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Rain and Sun Create Slippery Layers in Eastern Pacific Fresh Pool.

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Area of Science:

  • Oceanography
  • Physical Oceanography
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Upper-ocean stratification significantly influences heat and momentum transfer.
  • Diurnal and daily weather events create complex vertical structures in the ocean surface boundary layer.
  • Understanding these processes is crucial for climate modeling and predicting ocean dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To observe and analyze the evolution of upper-ocean stratification and velocity.
  • To investigate the impact of diurnal warming and rainfall on near-surface ocean structure.
  • To document the formation and effects of the "slippery layer" phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of an autonomous Lagrangian float equipped with a high-resolution acoustic Doppler current profiler.
  • Continuous observation for over 100 days in the Eastern Pacific Fresh Pool (August-November 2016).
  • Measurement of temperature, salinity, velocity, turbulence, and internal wave components.

Main Results:

  • Convective mixing homogenized the water column nightly, but diurnal warming and rainfall created strong stratification in the upper 10 m daily.
  • This stratification was rapidly mixed into the bulk layer within hours.
  • Strong stratification decoupled near-surface waters, leading to accelerated flow (slippery layer) and distorted Ekman profiles.

Conclusions:

  • Autonomous Lagrangian floats provide valuable data on rapidly evolving ocean surface boundary layer processes.
  • The "slippery layer" effect significantly alters wind-driven current profiles.
  • High-resolution numerical modeling is needed for quantitative interpretation of these complex ocean dynamics.