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Depression and Anxiety in patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndrome
Syed Fayaz Mujtaba1, Jawaid Akbar Sial2, Musa Karim3
1Syed Fayaz Mujtaba, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.
Insights
Depression and anxiety affect a small percentage of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study found low prevalence rates of these conditions in post-PCI patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
Background:
- Depression and anxiety are common in cardiac patients.
- Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improves outcomes for acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
- Reduced psychological distress is anticipated post-PCI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients undergoing PCI for ACS.
Main Methods:
- Study conducted at NICVD, Pakistan (August-December 2018).
- 153 patients undergoing PCI for ACS were enrolled.
- Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Beck's Depression Inventory used for assessment.
Main Results:
- 10.5% of patients had depression, and 7.5% had anxiety.
- Higher depression rates observed in non-diabetics, housewives, laborers, and uneducated individuals.
- Smoking and higher income were associated with lower depression rates.
Conclusions:
- Low prevalence of depression (10.5%) and anxiety (7.5%) was found post-PCI for ACS.
- These findings suggest improved psychological well-being after PCI.
- Further research may explore specific interventions to address remaining psychological distress.
Background And Objective:
Depression and anxiety are very common in patients with cardiac diseases. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not only decreased mortality but angina, heart failure and recurrent hospitalization all are improved. Therefore, anxiety and depression associated with fibrinolytic therapy in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are expected to be decreased in the patient undergoing PCI. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome.
Methods:
This study was conducted at Larkana Satellite Center of National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Pakistan from August 2018 to December 2018. Patients who underwent cardiac intervention within one month were enrolled in this study. Patients were interviewed regarding their basic demographics, indication for intervention and procedure details. Symptoms of anxiety were assessed using the translation of inventory of SAS (Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale). Patients were interviewed for depression by using Becks depression inventory (BDI).
Results:
A total of 153 patients were included in this study out of which 118 (77.1%) were males and 35 (22.5%) were females. All were married except one. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was present in 61 (39.9%), hypertension (HTN) in 69 (45.15%), obesity in 15 (9.8%), and 40 (26.1%) were smokers. Depression was present in 16 (10.5%) patients and anxiety was present in 12 (7.5%) of patients. On analysis of the association of various factor with depression; non-diabetics, housewives, laborers and uneducated were found to be more depressed. While those who smoke or earn more than 50 thousand were found less likely to be depressed.
Conclusion:
Both depression and anxiety were present in only 10.5% and 7.5% of the patients after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome.
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