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Conserved forage-based systems for backgrounding weaned beef calves.

Erin M Forte1, Mary Kimberly Mullenix2, Jennifer J Tucker3

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Three conserved forage systems were compared for backgrounding beef calves. Annual ryegrass baleage, bermudagrass baleage, and corn silage diets supported similar calf gains, but costs varied, with baleage-based diets being more expensive.

Keywords:
annual ryegrassbaleagebermudagrasscoproduct feedscorn silage

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Ruminant Nutrition
  • Forage Management

Background:

  • Backgrounding diets for weaned beef calves are crucial for growth.
  • Conserved forages are key components of backgrounding rations.
  • Optimizing forage systems requires evaluating animal performance, diet quality, and cost.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare animal performance, forage nutritive value, digestion dynamics, and diet costs of three conserved forage systems for weaned beef calves.
  • To determine the efficacy of annual ryegrass baleage, Tifton 85 bermudagrass baleage, and corn silage as backgrounding diets.
  • To assess the impact of supplementation on forage diet digestibility.

Main Methods:

  • A 45-day backgrounding study with 108 weaned Angus × Simmental beef calves.
  • Three treatment diets: annual ryegrass baleage (RB), Tifton 85 bermudagrass baleage (BH), and corn silage (CS), each with specific supplements.
  • Measurements included initial/final body weight, average daily gain (ADG), forage nutritive value, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and diet costs.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in initial or final body weight or ADG were observed among the RB, BH, and CS diets.
  • BH supplemented with a 50/50 soybean hull/corn gluten feed mixture showed greater 48-h IVDMD compared to unsupplemented forage.
  • RB baleage-based diets were the most expensive ($1.37/d), while CS ($1.02/d) and BH ($0.95/d) diets were more cost-effective.

Conclusions:

  • Annual ryegrass baleage, Tifton 85 bermudagrass baleage, and corn silage can support similar weight gains in backgrounding beef calves.
  • Supplementation strategies can influence the in vitro digestibility of conserved forages.
  • Diet cost is a significant factor, with baleage-based diets being more expensive than corn silage or bermudagrass baleage diets in this system.