Selection of New Psychiatry Residents Within a National Program: a Qualitative Study of Faculty Perspectives on Competencies and Attributes

Admission committees use multiple sources of information to select residents. However, the way in which faculty members use each data source remains unclear and highly context-specific. The present study seeks to understand how faculty members use various sources of information about candidates to make admission decisions to a National Psychiatry Residency Program.

The theory of core competencies was used as a foundation for this qualitative study. Framework analysis was used to structure the project and data presentation. Twenty key informants from the faculty were purposefully sampled in accordance with the initial theory. Open-ended semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain their views about the essential competencies of psychiatrists and the ways in which these competencies could be reliably gauged.

Participants described numerous competencies that they believed were essential to becoming competent psychiatrists. These competencies fell within the six core competencies of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education framework. However, several non-competency attributes (such as perseverance, empathy, and compassion) were also relevant in the selection process. To reduce the impact of self-presentation bias, to which these attributes were vulnerable, the faculty relied heavily on sources of information obtained from third parties, such as feedback from co-workers with first-hand experience of the candidate during their clinical placements.

Faculty members place importance on informal informant-derived information about a candidate's non-competency attributes in addition to core competencies when deciding whether or not to select a candidate for admission into a residency training program.