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Menopause

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...

Testosterone: Functions and Regulation

Testosterone: Functions and Regulation

The intricate hormonal interplay essential for male reproductive health begins with the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. This hormone prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). LH targets the Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and release testosterone. In concert with testosterone, FSH acts on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules to facilitate the release of...

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

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The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
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Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
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Signs of Puberty

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Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...

Hormonal Regulation

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

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Published on: August 13, 2019

Testosterone use in postmenopausal women.

A Martínez-García^1,2, S R Davis¹

¹Women's Health Research Program, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society

|July 25, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transdermal testosterone therapy is effective for postmenopausal women with female sexual dysfunction. Doses should mimic natural levels, and short-term use is safe, but long-term safety requires further study.

Keywords:

Testosterone female sexual dysfunction postmenopausal women

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Women's Health
Sexual Medicine

Background:

Testosterone's role in women's health remains debated.
Evidence suggests benefits for specific conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of testosterone therapy in women.
To determine appropriate dosing and treatment duration.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical trial data on transdermal testosterone use.
Focus on postmenopausal women with female sexual dysfunction.

Main Results:

Transdermal testosterone is favored for distressed postmenopausal women with female sexual dysfunction.
Short-term treatment is effective and safe, with doses approximating physiological levels.
Avoiding supraphysiological doses is crucial to prevent adverse events.

Conclusions:

Testosterone therapy shows promise for specific women's health issues.
Further research is needed to establish long-term safety profiles.