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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

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TGFβ1I1 suppressed cell migration and invasion in colorectal cancer by inhibiting the TGF-β pathway and EMT progress

X-J Ruan1, B-L Ye, Z-H Zheng

  • 1Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. zhengxf8@126.com.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|July 25, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Transforming growth factor β1-induced transcript 1 (TGFΒ1I1) suppresses colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. Overexpressing TGFΒ1I1 inhibits CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by downregulating the TGF-β pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death globally.
  • There is an unmet need for novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for CRC.
  • The role of Transforming growth factor β1-induced transcript 1 (TGFΒ1I1) in CRC pathogenesis is not fully understood, despite its reported downregulation in tumor tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional role of TGFΒ1I1 in colorectal cancer.
  • To determine the effects of TGFΒ1I1 on CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying TGFΒ1I1's action in CRC, focusing on the TGF-β pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) to assess TGFΒ1I1 expression in CRC cell lines and tissues.
  • Overexpression of TGFΒ1I1 in SW620 and RKO CRC cell lines.
  • Cell viability (CCK-8 assay), apoptosis (flow cytometry), proliferation (EdU assay), migration (cell migration and wound healing assays), and invasion assays.
  • Western blot analysis to evaluate protein levels of key signaling molecules (VEGF, TGF-β, MMP9, p-Smad2/3, N-cadherin, E-cadherin).

Main Results:

  • TGFΒ1I1 expression was significantly decreased in CRC tissues and cell lines.
  • Overexpression of TGFΒ1I1 markedly inhibited CRC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis.
  • TGFΒ1I1 overexpression suppressed CRC cell migration and invasion.
  • Inhibition of the TGF-β pathway and EMT progress was observed upon TGFΒ1I1 overexpression in CRC cells.

Conclusions:

  • TGFΒ1I1 functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer.
  • TGFΒ1I1 inhibits CRC cell migration and invasion by suppressing the TGF-β signaling pathway and EMT.
  • TGFΒ1I1 represents a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment.

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