Digital Self-Management Interventions for People With Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis
Reza Safari1, Jessica Jackson1, David Sheffield2
1Health and Social Care Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|July 25, 2020
Summary
Digital self-management programs (SMPs) effectively reduce pain and improve physical function in osteoarthritis patients. These benefits are sustained at 12 months, though effects on disability and quality of life are less clear.
Area of Science:
- Digital health interventions
- Osteoarthritis management
- Evidence-based medicine
Background:
- Osteoarthritis (OA) management relies on self-management programs (SMPs).
- Digital delivery of SMPs offers an economical and effective community-based approach to manage OA burden.
- Integrating digital SMPs is crucial for high-quality, accessible healthcare services.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of digital-based structured SMPs on patient outcomes in individuals with OA.
- To analyze the impact of digital SMPs on pain, physical function, disability, and quality of life.
- To assess the sustained effects of digital SMPs at 12-month follow-up.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- Searched 7 web-based and 3 gray literature databases for digital SMPs in OA.
- Assessed patient-reported outcomes including pain, physical function, disability, and quality of life (QoL) using the GRADE approach.
Main Results:
- 8 studies (2687 patients) showed digital SMPs significantly reduced pain (SMD -0.28) and improved physical function (SMD -0.26) compared to usual care.
- These improvements were largely sustained at 12-month follow-up.
- Effects on disability were small and significant post-treatment, but nonsignificant for QoL; follow-up effects were very small.
Conclusions:
- Digital-based structured SMPs show moderate-quality evidence for improving pain and physical function in knee and hip OA, sustained at 12 months.
- Evidence for effects on disability and QoL is low to very low, requiring further investigation.
- Further research is needed to confirm findings and explore broader health outcomes.
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