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Wild vs cultivated halophytes: Nutritional and functional differences.

Viana Castañeda-Loaiza1, Marta Oliveira1, Tamára Santos1

  • 1CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.

Food Chemistry
|July 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Halophyte plants like Suaeda maritima offer rich nutritional value, including proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Their antioxidant properties, particularly from ferulic and caffeic acids, suggest significant health benefits.

Keywords:
Antioxidant potentialGreenhouse cultivationNutritional compositionSalt tolerant plants

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Food Science
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Halophyte plants are recognized for unique flavors and nutritional benefits, including polyphenols and vitamins.
  • These compounds contribute to antioxidant activity and potential health advantages.
  • Edible halophytes are increasingly explored for culinary and health applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the nutritional composition and antioxidant potential of three halophyte species (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum, Suaeda maritima, Sarcocornia fruticosa).
  • To evaluate differences between wild-collected and cultivated halophyte plants.
  • To identify key phenolic compounds contributing to the antioxidant capacity of these halophytes.

Main Methods:

  • Nutritional analysis of protein, fiber, minerals, carotenoids, and vitamins (A, C, B6).
  • Assessment of antioxidant potential using established assays.
  • Chromatographic analysis (e.g., HPLC) to determine phenolic profiles.

Main Results:

  • Cultivated halophytes were generally more succulent with higher mineral content and lower fiber than wild-collected counterparts.
  • All studied halophyte species are good sources of protein, fiber, minerals, carotenoids, and vitamins A, C, and B6.
  • Suaeda maritima exhibited notable antioxidant potential, with ferulic and caffeic acids identified as major phenolic compounds.

Conclusions:

  • Halophyte plants are valuable sources of essential nutrients and possess significant antioxidant properties.
  • Cultivation practices can influence the nutritional profile of halophytes, potentially enhancing succulence and mineral content.
  • The identified phenolic compounds, ferulic and caffeic acids, are key contributors to the health benefits of these halophytes.