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Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular System
Olga Pechanova1, Ezgi Dayar1, Martina Cebova1
1Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81371 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Abstract:
Numerous studies document an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with a subsequent decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in different cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Many natural polyphenols have been demonstrated to decrease ROS generation and/or to induce the endogenous antioxidant enzymatic defense system. Moreover, different polyphenolic compounds have the ability to increase the activity/expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) with a subsequent enhancement of NO generation. However, as a result of low absorption and bioavailability of natural polyphenols, the beneficial effects of these substances are very limited. Recent progress in delivering polyphenols to the targeted tissues revealed new possibilities for the use of polymeric nanoparticles in increasing the efficiency and reducing the degradability of natural polyphenols. This review focuses on the effects of different natural polyphenolic substances, especially resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, and cherry extracts, and their ability to bind to polymeric nanoparticles, and summarizes the effects of polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles, mainly in the cardiovascular system.
Insights
Natural polyphenols can combat cardiovascular diseases by reducing oxidative stress and boosting nitric oxide (NO). Nanoparticle delivery enhances polyphenol efficacy, improving cardiovascular health.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Pharmacology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases are linked to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.
- Natural polyphenols show potential antioxidant and NO-enhancing effects.
- Low polyphenol bioavailability limits their therapeutic use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the cardiovascular effects of natural polyphenols.
- To explore the use of polymeric nanoparticles for polyphenol delivery.
- To summarize the impact of polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles on cardiovascular health.
Main Methods:
- Review of studies on natural polyphenols (resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, cherry extracts).
- Analysis of polyphenol binding to polymeric nanoparticles.
- Summary of nanoparticle-mediated polyphenol effects on the cardiovascular system.
Main Results:
- Polyphenols can decrease ROS and increase nitric oxide (NO) generation.
- Polymeric nanoparticles improve polyphenol absorption and bioavailability.
- Polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles demonstrate beneficial cardiovascular effects.
Conclusions:
- Nanoparticle-based delivery systems enhance the therapeutic potential of natural polyphenols.
- Polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles offer a promising strategy for managing cardiovascular diseases.
- Further research into nanoparticle-polyphenol interactions is warranted.
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