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Lysyl Oxidase (LOX): Functional Contributions to Signaling Pathways
Rozalia Laczko1, Katalin Csiszar1
1Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
Biomolecules
|July 26, 2020
Summary
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is crucial for extracellular matrix assembly and impacts numerous disorders. This review details LOX
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Extracellular Matrix Biology
Background:
- Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a copper-dependent enzyme essential for extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly.
- LOX has critical roles in tissue development, maintenance, repair, and various physiological and pathological conditions.
- LOX exhibits diverse functions beyond ECM cross-linking, including activity-dependent and independent roles in cellular signaling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the multifaceted roles of LOX in cellular signaling pathways.
- To explore the mechanistic details of LOX interactions within signaling networks.
- To understand the functional significance of LOX in both normal physiology and disease pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing current research on LOX function and signaling.
- Analysis of LOX's interactions with key signaling pathways including EGFR, PDGF, VEGF, TGF-β, and others.
- Examination of LOX's involvement in inflammatory and steroid signaling pathways.
Main Results:
- LOX actively participates in signaling events, influencing cell fate, differentiation, and communication.
- LOX modulates cell surface receptor functions and engages in mutual regulatory activities within signaling loops.
- LOX plays a role in diminishing mesenchymal cell pools in inflammatory contexts relevant to diabetes and arthritis.
Conclusions:
- LOX is a key player in diverse signaling pathways, extending beyond its canonical ECM role.
- Understanding LOX's complex regulatory and cross-regulatory interactions is vital for comprehending its role in health and disease.
- Further research into LOX signaling mechanisms can reveal therapeutic targets for various LOX-associated disorders.
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