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Impact of Treatment with RUTF on Plasma Lipid Profiles of Severely Malnourished Pakistani Children

Engy Shokry1, Kamran Sadiq2, Sajid Soofi2,3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Paediatrics, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, 80337 Munich, Germany.

Nutrients
|July 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) corrects essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM), enhancing EFA conversion to vital long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). Age and breastfeeding influence these metabolic improvements.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional biochemistry
  • Pediatric metabolism
  • Lipidomics

Background:

  • Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) significantly impacts child health.
  • The effects of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) on lipid metabolism in SAM children are not well understood.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for optimizing nutritional interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of RUTF treatment on lipid metabolism in children with SAM.
  • To analyze changes in plasma fatty acids and polar lipids following RUTF intervention.
  • To explore correlations between lipid changes and clinical factors like age and breastfeeding status.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of plasma glycerophospholipid fatty acids (FA) and polar lipids in 41 Pakistani children with SAM.
  • Utilized gas chromatography and flow-injection analysis tandem mass spectrometry.
  • Employed univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, considering age, sex, breastfeeding, hemoglobin, and anthropometry.

Main Results:

  • RUTF treatment corrected essential fatty acid (EFA) depletion and increased EFA levels.
  • Observed increased long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) and arachidonic acid (AA)/linoleic acid ratio, indicating enhanced EFA conversion.
  • Decreased saturated lysophosphatidylcholines (lyso.PC) and total saturated fatty acids (ΣSFA), suggesting reduced lipolysis. Child age and breastfeeding modulated ΣSFA and phosphatidylcholine (ΣPC) changes.

Conclusions:

  • RUTF effectively improves EFA deficiency and enhances EFA to LC-PUFA conversion in SAM.
  • Treatment reduces lipolysis, as evidenced by decreased saturated lipids.
  • Clinical factors such as child age and breastfeeding status significantly influence the lipidomic response to RUTF therapy.

Keywords:
essential fatty acids (EFA)glycerophospholipidslysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPC)metabolomicssevere acute malnutrition (SAM)

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