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Low Plasma Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase (LCAT) Concentration Predicts Chronic Kidney Disease

Andrea Baragetti1, Alice Ossoli2, Arianna Strazzella2

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Low lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) levels are linked to worsening kidney function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and the general population, indicating LCAT

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Lipidology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) is a key lipid abnormality in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Reduced lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) concentration is a primary driver of the low HDL-c phenotype in CKD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that diminished LCAT concentration in CKD contributes to the progression of renal damage.
  • To assess the predictive value of LCAT levels for kidney function decline in both CKD patients and the general population.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of two cohorts from the PLIC study: 164 CKD patients (NefroPLIC) and 164 subjects with normal kidney function (PLIC).
  • Categorization of patients based on LCAT concentration tertiles.
  • Assessment of renal damage progression, kidney function impairment, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in renal cells.

Main Results:

  • In CKD patients, the lowest LCAT tertile showed a significantly higher event rate compared to the highest tertile.
  • In the general population cohort, the lowest LCAT tertile exhibited a faster decline in kidney function than the highest tertile.
  • Serum from individuals with low LCAT levels promoted higher ROS production in renal cells, an effect mitigated by recombinant LCAT.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced plasma LCAT concentration is a predictor of CKD progression in patients with renal dysfunction.
  • Lower LCAT levels also predict kidney function impairment in the general population, highlighting LCAT's role in renal health.

Keywords:
chronic kidney diseasehigh-density lipoproteinslecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase

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