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A Dynamic Systems Approach for Detecting and Localizing of Infarct-Related Artery in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Trung Q Le1, Vibhuthi Chandra2, Kahkashan Afrin2

  • 1Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

A new method uses paper electrocardiograms (ECG) to quickly identify the blocked artery in heart attack patients. This approach helps speed up treatment and improve patient recovery outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Timely reperfusion therapy is crucial for improving outcomes in acute myocardial infarction (MI).
  • In-hospital diagnostic testing delays can significantly impede timely treatment, impacting myocardial salvage and patient recovery.
  • Accurate localization of the infarct-related artery (IRA) is essential for effective and rapid intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for the hierarchical localization of the IRA in acute MI patients using paper-based ECG.
  • To assess the efficacy of a Poincare pattern ensemble-based approach incorporating multi-correlated non-stationary stochastic system dynamics for IRA localization.
  • To demonstrate the potential of using short ECG recordings for rapid and accurate identification of the culprit artery.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of vectorcardiogram (VCG) diagnostic features from 2.5-second paper ECG recordings.
  • Application of a Poincare pattern ensemble-based method considering multi-correlated non-stationary stochastic system dynamics.
  • Validation using paper ECG records and angiograms from 106 acute MI patients and the Physionet PTB database.

Main Results:

  • High accuracy in differentiating healthy controls (HC) from MI patients (97.41%).
  • Accurate localization of culprit arteries (left vs. right) with 89.41 ± 9.89% accuracy.
  • Distinguished between left main arteries and specific coronary arteries (RCA: 88.2 ± 11.6%, LAD vs. LCX: 93.67 ± 4.89%).

Conclusions:

  • Paper ECG-based IRA localization is a feasible and accurate method for acute MI assessment.
  • This technique can significantly reduce diagnostic time, enabling faster patient triage to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) facilities.
  • The proposed method offers a valuable tool for timely management of acute coronary syndromes, potentially improving patient survival and recovery rates.

Keywords:
computer-aided diagnosiselectrocardiogramnonlinear dynamic systems

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