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Baseline Chronic Comorbidity and Mortality in Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Cases: Results from the PRECOVID Study in

Beatriz Poblador-Plou1,2, Jonás Carmona-Pírez1,2,3, Ignatios Ioakeim-Skoufa1

  • 1EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|July 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Older age, cardiovascular diseases, and certain medications increase COVID-19 mortality risk. While some factors are shared, men and women may have differing risk profiles, with other factors contributing significantly to overall mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused significant global mortality.
  • Understanding risk factors for COVID-19 mortality is crucial for patient management and public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify baseline socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients.
  • To stratify risk factors by sex in the COVID-19 population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study (PRECOVID Study) of 4412 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases in Aragon, Spain.
  • Follow-up of at least 30 days from cohort entry.
  • Age-adjusted logistic regression models stratified by sex to analyze mortality predictors.

Main Results:

  • Old age, diabetes, acute myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure were associated with higher mortality.
  • Use of vasodilators, antipsychotics, and potassium-sparing agents correlated with increased mortality risk.
  • Comorbidities and medications explained approximately 25% of COVID-19 mortality; risk factors showed similarities and differences between sexes.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular comorbidities and specific medications are significant predictors of COVID-19 mortality.
  • While some risk factors are shared, sex-specific differences in mortality predictors may exist.
  • A substantial portion of COVID-19 mortality remains unexplained, necessitating further research into patient- and health-system-related factors for early risk identification strategies.

Keywords:
COVID-19Spainchronic diseasescohortcomorbiditydrugsgendermortalitymultimorbidity

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