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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity
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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity

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Refractive surgery beyond 2020.

Marcus Ang1,2, Damien Gatinel3, Dan Z Reinstein4,5,6,7

  • 1Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore. marcus.ang@snec.com.sg.

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|July 26, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Refractive surgery has advanced beyond LASIK, with new techniques like SMILE and improved lens implants offering better vision correction. Future developments may include AI-driven evaluations and innovative uses for corneal lenticules.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Surgery
  • Refractive Error Correction

Background:

  • Refractive surgery aims to correct vision impairments by reshaping the cornea or using intraocular lenses.
  • Traditional laser refractive surgery, like LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis), has been a popular choice for vision correction.
  • Significant advancements have expanded the scope and efficacy of refractive surgical procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution and current state of refractive surgery techniques.
  • To explore emerging technologies and future directions in refractive error correction.
  • To discuss advancements in treating refractive errors, including presbyopia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current and emerging keratorefractive techniques, including small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and advanced surface ablation.
  • Analysis of expanded presbyopic treatment options, such as new ablation profiles, intracorneal implants, and phakic intraocular implants.
  • Discussion of refractive lens exchange with a variety of advanced intraocular lens implants.
  • Exploration of potential future developments, including AI in preoperative evaluation and novel uses for stromal lenticules.

Main Results:

  • Modern refractive surgery offers alternatives to LASIK, such as SMILE, which avoids corneal flap creation.
  • Presbyopia treatment options have diversified, enhancing visual correction for age-related farsightedness.
  • Refractive lens exchange with advanced intraocular lenses provides effective correction for selected patients.
  • Emerging technologies promise further improvements in refractive surgery outcomes and patient selection.

Conclusions:

  • Refractive surgery has evolved significantly, offering safer and more effective options for vision correction.
  • New techniques and lens technologies are expanding treatment possibilities for various refractive errors and presbyopia.
  • Future advancements, including AI and innovative implantable devices, are expected to provide even more precise and physiological vision correction.