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Acute kidney injury among hospitalized children with cancer

Mengqi Xiong1, Long Wang1, Licong Su1

  • 1National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|July 27, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in Chinese children with cancer, affecting 16.9% of patients. These events lead to worse outcomes, including higher mortality rates and longer hospital stays.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited data exist on acute kidney injury (AKI) in pediatric cancer patients in developing nations.
  • This study addresses the epidemiology of AKI in Chinese children with cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI in Chinese children hospitalized with cancer.
  • To analyze community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and hospital-acquired AKI (HA-AKI) in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-center study of Chinese children hospitalized with cancer between 2013-2015.
  • Utilized electronic health records to identify AKI based on Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria.
  • Analyzed incidence, risk factors, mortality, kidney recovery, and length of hospital stay.

Main Results:

  • 16.9% of 9828 children experienced AKI (5.6% CA-AKI, 11.3% HA-AKI).
  • Highest AKI incidence in urinary system, hepatic, and retroperitoneal cancers.
  • Hospital-acquired AKI often linked to nephrotoxic agents.
  • AKI associated with increased in-hospital mortality (5.4% vs 0.9%), longer hospitalization, and higher costs.

Conclusions:

  • Acute kidney injury is a frequent complication in Chinese children with cancer.
  • AKI significantly correlates with adverse in-hospital outcomes, including mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryCancerChildrenEpidemiologyNephrotoxicityOutcomeRisk profiles

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