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Detecting Mesopelagic Organisms Using Biogeochemical-Argo Floats.

Nils Haëntjens¹, Alice Della Penna^2,3, Nathan Briggs⁴

¹School of Marine Sciences University of Maine Orono ME USA.

Geophysical Research Letters

|July 28, 2020

Summary

Float-based sensors detected distinct layers of marine life at 300m in the North Atlantic. This finding enables the study of mesopelagic organisms in remote ocean regions using the global biogeochemical-Argo array.

Keywords:

BGC‐Argo diel vertical migration mesopelagic organism scattering layers

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Area of Science:

Marine Biology
Oceanography
Bio-optics

Background:

Mesopelagic organisms form distinct layers in the ocean.
Traditional methods for studying these organisms are limited in remote open ocean areas.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential of float-based bio-optical sensors for detecting mesopelagic organism layers.
To assess the collocation of bio-optical signals with biological sampling data.

Main Methods:

Deployment of float-based sensors measuring fluorescent dissolved organic matter and backscattering.
Comparison of bio-optical data with ship-based echo sounder, Underwater Vision Profiler, and net tow data.
Analysis of data collected during the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study.

Main Results:

Distinct spike layers in bio-optical properties were observed at approximately 300m depth.
These layers coincided with acoustic backscatter layers, elevated zooplankton concentrations, and mesopelagic fish presence.
Float-based bio-optical sensors showed potential for detecting mesopelagic aggregations.

Conclusions:

Float-based bio-optical sensors can detect mesopelagic organism layers.
This technology can expand the study of mesopelagic organisms in under-sampled remote ocean regions.
The global biogeochemical-Argo array can be utilized for large-scale investigations of these biological layers.