Association between COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Cardiology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a global pandemic.
• SARS-CoV-2 utilizes ACE2 receptors for host cell entry, often leading to pneumonia.
• COVID-19 poses significant risks to the cardiovascular system, with acute cardiac injury linked to mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the fundamentals of coronaviruses, focusing on SARS-CoV-2.
• To explore novel molecular targets for coronavirus treatment, particularly for COVID-19.
• To examine the impact of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system and discuss protective strategies.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2, and cardiovascular effects.
• Analysis of diagnostic methods including RT-PCR, chest CT, and antibody tests.
• Discussion of clinical management considerations, including medication recommendations.

Main Results:

• Cardiovascular comorbidities are prevalent in COVID-19 patients, elevating morbidity and mortality risks.
• Elevated high-sensitivity troponin levels indicate acute cardiac injury in severe COVID-19 cases.
• Continuation of ACE inhibitor and ARB medications is advised for COVID-19 patients with indicated use.

Conclusions:

• COVID-19 presents a serious threat to cardiovascular health, necessitating focused attention.
• Understanding SARS-CoV-2's molecular targets is crucial for developing effective treatments.
• Integrated management strategies addressing both viral infection and cardiovascular protection are essential.