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Hypertension is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a cohort study

Tian-Yuan Xiong1, Fang-Yang Huang1, Qi Liu1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Annals of Medicine
|July 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 patients and significantly increases the risk of adverse outcomes, including ICU admission and death. Anti-hypertensive therapies did not appear to influence patient prognosis in this study.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Comorbidities are frequently observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
  • The clinical significance of these comorbidities in COVID-19 patients requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of comorbidities among COVID-19 patients.
  • To characterize the clinical implications and prognostic impact of comorbidities in COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective multi-center study of 472 COVID-19 patients admitted between January 16th and March 10th, 2020.
  • Composite endpoint defined as intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, or death.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors of the composite endpoint.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension was present in 15.0% of patients and was independently associated with an increased risk of the composite endpoint (OR 2.82).
  • Hypertensive patients showed significantly higher rates of ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and death compared to controls (p < .001).
  • Older age, elevated neutrophil counts, and lactate dehydrogenase levels were also associated with adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Antecedent hypertension is a significant comorbidity associated with poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients.
  • Patients with hypertension face a substantially increased risk of severe outcomes and mortality.
  • Current anti-hypertensive therapies did not demonstrate a significant impact on patient outcomes in this cohort.
Abstract

Keywords:
coronavirus diseasehypertensionintensive careoutcomes

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