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Cell energy metabolism: An update.

M Rigoulet1, C L Bouchez1, P Paumard1

  • 1CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Bioenergetics
|July 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell growth relies on energy metabolism, coupling catabolism to biomass production. This review covers glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and their regulation, including the Crabtree and Warburg effects.

Keywords:
Cell energetic metabolismCrabtree effectKineticsMetabolism modelingMitochondriaThermodynamicsWarburg effect

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Metabolic Regulation

Background:

  • Cellular growth necessitates coupling substrate breakdown (catabolism) with biomass synthesis and maintenance.
  • Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)/adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) are crucial molecules in cellular energy metabolism.
  • Cell energy metabolism encompasses pathways for ATP synthesis linked to NAD(H) turnover, primarily glycolysis/fermentation and oxidative phosphorylation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
  • To explore the thermodynamic and kinetic constraints governing these interconnected pathways.
  • To examine the short-term and long-term regulatory mechanisms of cellular energy metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of metabolic pathways.
  • Analysis of thermodynamic and kinetic constraints.
  • Examination of regulatory effects like the Crabtree and Warburg effects.

Main Results:

  • Glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation are fundamentally intertwined in cellular energy production.
  • Thermodynamic and kinetic factors dictate the interplay between these two major metabolic routes.
  • Specific regulatory phenomena, such as the Crabtree and Warburg effects, illustrate complex control of energy metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular growth is a complex process driven by coordinated energy metabolism.
  • Understanding the regulation of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation is key to comprehending cell physiology.
  • The reviewed effects highlight the dynamic and adaptive nature of cellular energy strategies.