Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

3.1K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
3.1K
Aging01:26

Aging

490
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
490
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

18.9K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
18.9K
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

123
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
123
Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

6.6K
6.6K
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

4.2K
Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
4.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The rodent aging interventions database (RAID): a data visualization tool for all studies reporting rodent lifespan extension.

Aging·2025
Same author

The Divide-and-Conquer Approach to Delaying Age-Related Functional Decline: Where Are We Now?

Rejuvenation research·2023
Same author

Commentary on Some Recent Theses Relevant to Combating Aging: December 2021.

Rejuvenation research·2021
Same author

A Leader Who Leads by Example-Again.

Rejuvenation research·2021
Same author

Commentary on Some Recent Theses Relevant to Combating Aging: June 2021.

Rejuvenation research·2021
Same author

Programs, Hyperfunction, and Damage: Why Definitions and Logic Matter So Much in Biogerontology.

Rejuvenation research·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Measurement of Protein Turnover Rates in Senescent and Non-Dividing Cultured Cells with Metabolic Labeling and Mass Spectrometry
08:52

Measurement of Protein Turnover Rates in Senescent and Non-Dividing Cultured Cells with Metabolic Labeling and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 6, 2022

3.9K

Commentary on Some Recent Theses Relevant to Combating Aging: August 2020.

Benjamin Zealley1, Aubrey D N J de Grey1

  • 1SENS Research Foundation, Mountain View, California, USA.

Rejuvenation Research
|July 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This review covers stem cell research in the pancreas, the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in islet transplantation, and brain injury mechanisms. It also explores mitochondrial DNA, plasma membrane repair in muscular dystrophy, and nuclear DNA in age-related macular degeneration.

Keywords:
agingdissertationstheses

More Related Videos

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence
06:51

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence

Published on: May 1, 2017

34.6K
Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
06:58

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Measurement of Protein Turnover Rates in Senescent and Non-Dividing Cultured Cells with Metabolic Labeling and Mass Spectrometry
08:52

Measurement of Protein Turnover Rates in Senescent and Non-Dividing Cultured Cells with Metabolic Labeling and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 6, 2022

3.9K
Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence
06:51

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence

Published on: May 1, 2017

34.6K
Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
06:58

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Recent research explores stem cell potential in pancreatic regeneration.
  • Inflammation and its impact on islet transplantation outcomes are under investigation.
  • Mechanisms of neurodegeneration following stroke and its relation to atherosclerosis are being elucidated.
  • Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA dynamics are implicated in various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in characterizing pancreatic stem cells.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential of inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in islet transplantation.
  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms linking stroke-induced brain liquefaction, atherosclerosis, and neurodegeneration.
  • To examine the role of mitochondrial DNA segregation and nuclear DNA accumulation in disease pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization and purification techniques for adult murine pancreatic stem cells.
  • Experimental models to evaluate the effects of TLR4 inhibition on islet damage and transplant success.
  • Comparative analysis of brain liquefaction post-stroke with atherosclerosis.
  • Studies on mitochondrial DNA manipulation and the impact of cytosolic nuclear DNA accumulation.

Main Results:

  • Progress in identifying and isolating putative stem cells from the adult mouse pancreas.
  • Inhibition of TLR4 demonstrates a protective effect against sterile inflammation-induced islet damage, improving transplant outcomes.
  • Brain liquefaction after stroke shares characteristics with atherosclerosis and involves osteopontin in secondary neurodegeneration.
  • Insights into manipulating human mitochondrial DNA segregation and the role of mitochondria in plasma membrane repair and muscular dystrophy.
  • Cytosolic accumulation of nuclear DNA is linked to retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction and age-related macular degeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell research holds promise for pancreatic therapies.
  • Targeting TLR4 offers a potential strategy to enhance islet transplantation.
  • Understanding shared mechanisms between stroke and atherosclerosis can inform neurodegenerative disease treatment.
  • Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA dysregulation are critical factors in various pathologies, including muscular dystrophy and macular degeneration.