Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Type and physical intensity of occupations at pulmonary TB diagnosis.

IJTLD open·2025

Same author

The opportunities in implementing assistive technology in oral health care for individuals with sensory impairments: a systematic review.

European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry·2025

Same author

Evaluation of ivermectin and vitamin E based combination with antiseizure rufinamide drug for mitigation of pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling, behavioral challenges and histopathological aberrations.

Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society·2024

Same author

A social enterprise model for TB detection and treatment through the private sector in Pakistan.

IJTLD open·2024

Same author

Use of 3HP for TB preventive treatment in prisons.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2022

Same author

Implementing 3HP vs. IPT as TB preventive treatment in Pakistan.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Published on: April 9, 2012

Automated chest radiography and mass systematic screening for tuberculosis.

F Madhani¹, R A Maniar¹, A Burfat¹

¹Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

|July 29, 2020

Summary

Automated chest radiography (ACR) with CAD4TB software effectively screens for tuberculosis (TB) in large populations. This real-world study in Pakistan shows a strong link between high CAD4TB scores and positive Xpert MTB/RIF tests.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Expanding Interventional Pulmonology Research with Robotic-Assisted Bronchoscopy

Author Spotlight: Expanding Interventional Pulmonology Research with Robotic-Assisted Bronchoscopy

Published on: July 19, 2024

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Published on: August 16, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Published on: April 9, 2012

Author Spotlight: Expanding Interventional Pulmonology Research with Robotic-Assisted Bronchoscopy

Author Spotlight: Expanding Interventional Pulmonology Research with Robotic-Assisted Bronchoscopy

Published on: July 19, 2024

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Published on: August 16, 2021

Area of Science:

Public Health
Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Medical Imaging Technology

Background:

Large-scale implementation of automated chest radiography (ACR) with computer-aided detection software (CAD4TB) for tuberculosis (TB) screening in Karachi, Pakistan.
Limited real-world data on ACR/CAD4TB effectiveness in mass screening settings, despite established evidence for pre-screening presumptive TB patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the performance of ACR with CAD4TB as a pre-screening tool in a high-burden setting.
To assess the association between CAD4TB scores and Xpert MTB/RIF positivity during mass screening.

Main Methods:

Mobile digital X-ray units used for screening individuals aged ≥15 years in hospital and community settings.
Chest X-rays analyzed by CAD4TB software; individuals with a score ≥70 were offered Xpert MTB/RIF testing.
Data collected from January 1 to June 30, 2018, using a custom data collection tool.

Main Results:

Over 127,000 individuals screened, with 9.1% having a CAD4TB score ≥70.
Xpert positivity increased significantly with higher CAD4TB scores, from 0.7% (<50) to 23.5% (>90).
A strong linear association between CAD4TB scores and Xpert positivity was observed in both community and hospital settings.

Conclusions:

ACR with CAD4TB demonstrates strong performance as a large-scale pre-screening tool in high-burden TB settings.
The findings support the utility of ACR-based pre-screening in real-world public health initiatives for TB detection.