Age and Clinical Presentation for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax
Marco Ghisalberti1, Francesco Guerrera2, Andrea De Vico3
1Thoracic Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Heart, Lung & Circulation
|July 29, 2020
Summary
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) affects healthy individuals, often presenting with chest pain and shortness of breath. Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for early-onset PSP.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) involves air accumulation in the pleural space without underlying lung disease.
- The exact cause of PSP remains unclear, yet it poses a public health concern.
- Understanding PSP epidemiology is crucial for public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on PSP epidemiology.
- To examine the correlation between age of onset, presentation symptoms, and PSP occurrence.
- To identify risk factors associated with PSP.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
- Data from 265 papers were evaluated.
- Information on age, symptoms, aetiology, and anthropomorphic data was collected.
Main Results:
- PSP exhibits a bimodal age distribution, with peaks at 15-30 and 40-45 years.
- The most common symptoms are pain (69.25%) and dyspnoea (54.55%).
- Cigarette smoking is identified as a significant exogenous risk factor for PSP, particularly for early onset.
Conclusions:
- PSP can occur across a wide age range, predominantly before 45 years.
- Symptomatic presentation is typical; asymptomatic cases are rare.
- Tobacco use is a key modifiable risk factor in PSP development.
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