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Related Concept Videos

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Fungal Phylum Ascomycota01:28

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Phylum Ascomycota, a major division within the subkingdom Dikarya, comprises a diverse range of fungal species, including both unicellular yeasts and filamentous molds such as Aspergillus and Penicillium. These fungi thrive in a variety of habitats, from aquatic ecosystems to terrestrial environments, playing crucial ecological and economic roles.Morphology and ReproductionThe defining characteristic of Ascomycetes, commonly referred to as sac fungi, is the ascus—a sac-like structure that...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
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Detection of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Haematological Malignancy Patients by using Lateral-flow Technology
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Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Ritesh Agarwal1, Inderpaul S Sehgal1, Sahajal Dhooria1

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|July 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an immune response to Aspergillus fumigatus, affecting millions globally. Early screening and treatment in asthma patients can prevent lung damage like bronchiectasis.

Keywords:
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosisAspergillusallergic bronchopulmonary mycosisasthmaazoleazole - cystic fibrosis - glucocorticoidscystic fibrosisglucocorticoids

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an inflammatory lung disease.
  • It results from an immune response to Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with asthma or cystic fibrosis.
  • Key symptoms include difficult-to-treat asthma, temporary lung abnormalities, and bronchiectasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding ABPA.
  • To summarize current knowledge on ABPA pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • To highlight the importance of early ABPA detection in asthma patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on ABPA.
  • Synthesis of information on disease mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic strategies.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, including global and Indian prevalence.

Main Results:

  • ABPA affects an estimated 5 million people worldwide, with India having 1.4 million cases.
  • Up to 13% of asthma patients in specialized clinics may have ABPA.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent or delay the development of bronchiectasis.

Conclusions:

  • High clinical suspicion for ABPA is crucial in managing asthma patients, especially in specialized settings.
  • Screening all asthma patients, particularly those in chest clinics, for ABPA is recommended.
  • Advances in understanding ABPA pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management are critical for improving patient outcomes.