Extremity Exposure with ^99mTc - Labelled Radiopharmaceuticals in Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine

Area of Science:

• Medical Physics
• Radiological Protection
• Nuclear Medicine

Background:

• Radiographers preparing and administering technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals face potential cancer risks from extremity radiation exposure.
• Occupational radiation safety is crucial for healthcare professionals working with radioactive materials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantify finger radiation doses experienced by radiographers in a South African tertiary hospital.
• To assess the occupational exposure levels during the handling of technetium-99m labelled radiopharmaceuticals.

Main Methods:

• Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were affixed to the fingertips and finger bases of both hands of five radiographers.
• Dosimeters were worn for one week during the preparation and administration of technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals.
• TLD readings were obtained using a Harsaw TLD Reader (Model 3500) after the measurement period.

Main Results:

• Measured finger doses for radiographers handling technetium-99m ranged from 0.85±0.18 mSv to 4.74±0.52 mSv over a one-week period.
• Specific fingertip doses varied by hand and finger, with the highest recorded dose being 5.52 mSv.
• All recorded extremity doses were significantly below the annual occupational exposure limit of 500 mSv.

Conclusions:

• The study found that radiographers' finger doses from handling technetium-99m were within acceptable safety limits.
• Implementing additional protective measures, such as syringe shields, could further reduce radiation exposure to radiographers' extremities.
• Continuous monitoring and adherence to safety protocols are essential for minimizing occupational risks in nuclear medicine.