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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Protecting the aging eye with hydrogen sulfide.

Akash K George1, Rubens P Homme1, Dragana Stanisic2

  • 1Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|July 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Aging eyes experience dysfunction due to oxidative stress. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) shows promise as an antioxidant therapy for age-related vision loss and related eye diseases.

Keywords:
homéostasie du système redoxhyperhomocysteinemiahyperhomocystéinémieinflammationredox homeostasissenescencesénescencetrouble de la vuevision impairment

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Gerontology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Cellular senescence contributes to tissue and organ dysfunction, impacting vision.
  • Age-related changes in the retina, retinal pigmented epithelium, and choroid can lead to vision impairment.
  • Oxidative stress, stemming from oxygen gradients in the eye, causes endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial stress, impairing retinal cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of redox homeostasis disturbance in ocular diseases.
  • To investigate the potential of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a therapeutic agent for age-related eye conditions.
  • To understand the link between H2S, stress responses, and potential interventions for eye aging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research on senescence, ocular aging, and oxidative stress.
  • Analysis of the biological mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in cellular stress.
  • Exploration of hyperhomocysteinemia as a risk factor for retinal vascular disease.

Main Results:

  • Ocular diseases are characterized by a disturbance in redox homeostasis.
  • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) demonstrates potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
  • H2S may mitigate cellular stress, including glutamate excitotoxicity and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding aging eye biology and H2S is crucial for developing novel therapies.
  • H2S presents a promising interventional strategy for age-related vision impairment and ocular diseases.
  • Targeting redox balance and stress pathways could revolutionize the treatment of aging eye conditions.