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Short report: Understanding the process of multilevel suicide prevention research trials

Isabel C Zbukvic1, Katherine Mok1, Lauren McGillivray1

  • 1Black Dog Institute, Hospital Road, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia; University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.

Evaluation and Program Planning
|July 30, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Process evaluations are crucial for understanding how multilevel suicide prevention programs are implemented and why they succeed. Future research should incorporate detailed process evaluations to improve suicide prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Psychology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Multilevel suicide prevention models aim to reduce suicide rates through interventions at various levels.
  • Process evaluations are essential for understanding the implementation fidelity, context, and mechanisms of complex interventions.
  • Limited research has focused on the process evaluation of multilevel suicide prevention trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze process evaluations within multilevel suicide prevention research trials.
  • To identify the extent and quality of process evaluation reporting in this field.
  • To highlight the importance and potential benefits of targeted process evaluations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search to identify relevant studies.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on process evaluations of multilevel suicide prevention trials.
  • Qualitative assessment of the detail and focus of reported process evaluations.

Main Results:

  • Only four out of 42 identified papers met the selection criteria for including a process evaluation.
  • Significant variation existed in the level of detail provided in the process evaluations.
  • Merely two studies specifically concentrated on the process of implementing a multilevel suicide prevention model.

Conclusions:

  • There is a substantial gap in the reporting and focus of process evaluations for multilevel suicide prevention trials.
  • Future suicide prevention research trials should integrate robust and targeted process evaluations.
  • Enhanced process evaluation can significantly benefit researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in optimizing suicide prevention efforts.
Keywords:
Process evaluationcomplex interventionsmultilevel trialssuicide preventionsystems approach

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