Examination of the Dorsal Finger Vein Anatomy Using a Vein Visualization Device

Background: The vein anatomy of the dorsal finger is often difficult to identify suitable veins for anastomosis when treating digital amputations, but it has not been well studied to date. The aim of our study was to determine the vein anatomy of the dorsal finger using a vein visualization device. Methods: The study sample consisted of 20 volunteers (11 men and 9 women; 148 fingers and 37 thumbs). The number and location of veins, the distance from the finger midline to the most central vein, and the distance from the central vein to the adjacent vein were examined using a vein visualization device, Stat Vein^®, at the eponychial level, distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints, and proximal interphalangeal joints. Results: In the finger, the distance from the nail lunula edge to the vein at the eponychial level was about 5 mm and that from the central vein to the adjacent vein at the DIP joints was about 8 mm. In the thumb, the distance from the nail lunula margin to the vein at the eponychial level was about 5 mm and that from the central vein to the adjacent vein at the interphalangeal joints was about 6 mm. Conclusions: Treatment of DIP joint-level finger amputation requires identification of the central vein at first and then the site about 8 mm away from the central vein. In the treatment of eponychial-level finger amputation, the vein is found about 5 mm away from the nail lunula edge.