Association between pre-pregnancy calcium intake and hypertensive disorders during the first pregnancy: the Japan environment and children's study
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Hyo Kyozuka1,2, Tsuyoshi Murata3,4, Toma Fukuda3,4
1Fukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environmental and Children's Study, 1 Hikarigaoka, 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan. kyozuka@fmu.ac.jp.
Insights
Pre-pregnancy calcium intake did not show an association with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) in first-time mothers. This finding suggests other dietary factors may be more critical for preventing HDP.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics
- Nutritional Science
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is a significant obstetric challenge.
- Effective preconception care strategies to mitigate HDP risk are needed.
- The role of pre-pregnancy calcium (Ca) intake in HDP prevention requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between pre-pregnancy calcium intake and the incidence of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP).
- To analyze HDP risk in relation to varying levels of pre-pregnancy calcium intake among normotensive primiparas.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Japan Environment Children's study (JECS), a large birth cohort.
- Analyzed 33,894 normotensive Japanese primiparas, categorizing them by pre-pregnancy calcium intake quintiles.
- Employed multiple logistic regression to assess the impact of calcium intake on HDP, early-onset HDP, and late-onset HDP.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in maternal background characteristics were observed across calcium intake groups, with lower socioeconomic status and smoking prevalent in the lowest intake group.
- Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed no statistically significant association between pre-pregnancy calcium intake levels and the risk of developing HDP, early-onset HDP, or late-onset HDP.
Conclusions:
- Pre-pregnancy calcium intake does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of new-onset hypertensive disorders during pregnancy in primiparas.
- Future research should explore other pre-pregnancy dietary factors for developing effective preventive strategies against HDP.
Background:
Determining the appropriate preconception care to reduce the occurrence of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) remains a challenge in modern obstetrics. This study aimed to examine the association between pre-pregnancy calcium (Ca) intake and HDP in normotensive primiparas.
Methods:
We used data from the Japan Environment Children's study (JECS), which is the largest birth cohort study. A total of 33,894 normotensive Japanese primiparas were recruited for JECS between January 2011 and March 2014. Participants were categorized into five groups according to pre-pregnancy Ca intake quintiles (Q1 and Q5 were the lowest and highest Ca intake groups, respectively) to compare their basic background and obstetrics outcome. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to identify the effect of pre-pregnancy Ca intake on HDP, early onset HDP, and late-onset HDP, using Ca intake thresholds of 500, 550, 650, 700, 1000, 1500, and 1500 mg.
Results:
We found significant differences in maternal background among the Ca intake groups; in particular, there were more participants with low socioeconomic status, indicated by low education level and low household income, and smokers in the lowest Ca intake group. Multiple logistic regression did not show any significant difference with regard to HDP, early onset HDP, and late-onset HDP in each Ca intake threshold.
Conclusions:
Despite considerable recommendations concerning Ca intake for women of reproductive age, the present study indicates that pre-pregnancy Ca intake was not associated with an increased risk of new-onset hypertension among primiparas during pregnancy. Further studies examining the effect of other pre-pregnancy dietary factors on obstetric outcomes should be considered in the formulation of earlier preventive strategies for primiparas.