Association of Risk Factors with Receiving a Foot Check in People With Diabetes: NHANES 2013-2016
Mark W Cornwall1, Meghan Warren1, Wyatt Witty1
1Northern Arizona University, Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Flagstaff, AZ, United States.
Primary Care Diabetes
|July 30, 2020
Summary
Diabetic patients with higher A1C levels, retinopathy, or kidney disease are more likely to receive annual foot exams. Risk factors significantly influence the likelihood of receiving this crucial diabetes foot care.
Area of Science:
- Diabetes management and public health.
- Clinical epidemiology and health disparities.
Background:
- The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends annual foot examinations for individuals with diabetes to prevent complications.
- Understanding the factors influencing adherence to these recommendations is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
- Current knowledge regarding the specific determinants of annual foot examinations in the diabetic population remains incomplete.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify key factors associated with the uptake of annual foot examinations among individuals diagnosed with diabetes.
- To investigate the influence of glycemic control, diabetes-related comorbidities, and overall risk factor burden on the likelihood of receiving a foot check.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
- Statistical modeling to determine factors influencing the performance of annual foot checks in diabetic individuals.
- Utilized adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the significance of identified factors.
Main Results:
- Participants with abnormal A1C levels (> 6.5%) demonstrated significantly higher odds of receiving a foot check (AOR = 2.61).
- The presence of retinopathy (AOR = 2.76) or kidney disease (AOR = 2.37) also substantially increased the likelihood of having a foot examination.
- A greater number of risk factors for diabetic complications was positively associated with receiving a foot check (AOR = 1.36).
Conclusions:
- Annual foot examinations for diabetes are influenced by the presence of specific risk factors.
- Elevated A1C, retinopathy, and kidney disease are significant predictors for receiving foot checks.
- The cumulative number of risk factors plays a vital role in ensuring diabetic patients receive essential foot care evaluations.
Keywords:
Diabetic foot screening risk
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