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[The tuberculosis in 2020: challenges and opportunities.]
Francisco Javier García Pérez1, Julio Ancochea Bermúdez1
1Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa. Madrid. España.
Revista Espanola De Salud Publica
|July 30, 2020
Summary
Tuberculosis remains a global health crisis, especially multidrug-resistant strains. New molecular diagnostics and treatments like bedaquiline offer hope for effective tuberculosis control.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Molecular Diagnostics
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health issue, causing over 1.6 million deaths in 2017.
- The rise of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) complicates treatment and eradication efforts.
- Existing challenges necessitate advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for TB control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the ongoing global impact of tuberculosis.
- To discuss the challenges posed by drug-resistant tuberculosis strains.
- To review recent advancements in TB diagnostics and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Introduction of rapid molecular diagnostic techniques for TB detection.
- Identification of genetic mutations conferring drug resistance.
- Incorporation of novel drugs like bedaquiline and delamanid into treatment regimens.
Main Results:
- Molecular techniques enable diagnosis within hours, including resistance profiling.
- Newer drugs offer shorter, more effective, and less toxic treatment options for resistant TB.
- Progress in diagnostics and therapeutics is crucial for combating TB.
Conclusions:
- Early clinical suspicion in vulnerable populations is key.
- Accurate, early diagnosis using molecular methods is essential.
- Short, oral treatment regimens combined with socioeconomic strategies are vital for future TB eradication.
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