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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
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Epidemiology, known as the cornerstone of public health, involves studying the distribution and determinants of health-related events in defined populations and applying these insights to control health issues. This is essential for understanding how diseases spread, identifying populations at greater risk, and implementing measures to control or prevent outbreaks. Epidemiology addresses not only infectious diseases but also non-communicable conditions like cancer and cardiovascular disease,...
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Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
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Author Correction: Genomics and epidemiological surveillance.

Stephanie W Lo1, Dorota Jamrozy1

  • 1Parasites and Microbes, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. microbes@sanger.ac.uk.

Nature Reviews. Microbiology
|July 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

An amendment has been published for this scientific paper. Please refer to the link at the top of the document for the updated version and further details.

Area of Science:

  • Not specified in the abstract.

Context:

  • The original paper has been updated.
  • An amendment is available for review.

Purpose:

  • To inform readers about a published amendment.
  • To direct readers to the updated version of the paper.

Summary:

  • A published amendment exists for this paper.
  • The amendment can be accessed via a link provided at the top of the paper.

Impact:

  • Ensures readers access the most current version of the research.
  • Facilitates informed understanding based on the latest published information.

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