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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Identifying Dysregulated Genes Induced by Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus KSHV
Published on: September 14, 2010
A Rare Case of the Newly Recognized Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus-Associated Disease
Qunfang Li1, Faria Ali2, Vivek Kak3
1Hematology and Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA.
Abstract:
Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is associated with Kaposi sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman disease (KSHV-MCD) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We present a case consistent with a newly recognized KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS), distinct from KSHV-MCD. Although both disorders exhibit signs of substantial inflammation, KICS has minimal lymphadenopathy/splenomegaly and negative pathologic nodal changes in the setting of low CD4 count. KICS is easily misdiagnosed as severe sepsis or other KS-related diseases in HIV/AIDS patients and carries a high mortality. Standard therapy is still under investigation due to its rarity, whereas the treatment regimen for KSHV-MCD may lead to clinical remission. Early recognition and prompt management are crucial to improve the survival of the under-recognized KICS.
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