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F-specific coliphage detection by the Bluephage method.

Daniel Toribio-Avedillo1, Julia Martín-Díaz1, Pedro Blanco-Picazo1

  • 1Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.

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A new Bluephage method rapidly detects F-specific coliphages, crucial viral indicators of fecal pollution. This advancement offers quick and sensitive results for water quality monitoring.

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ColiphagesF-specific coliphagesFecal pollutionGlucuronidaseNew toolsViral indicatorVirus

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Virology
  • Water quality monitoring

Background:

  • F-specific coliphages serve as viral indicators for fecal pollution.
  • Current detection methods use host strains like Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica.
  • Existing Bluephage protocols detect somatic coliphages rapidly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel Bluephage method for the exclusive detection of F-specific phages.
  • To introduce new host strains (CB14 and CB16) for enhanced F-specific phage detection.
  • To enable rapid and sensitive quantification of F-specific phages in environmental samples.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized new host strains, CB14 and CB16, for F-specific phage detection.
  • Employed the Bluephage colorimetric assay where phage lysis turns the medium blue.
  • Optimized incubation time and conditions (50 min without shaking for CB14).

Main Results:

  • Achieved detection of as low as one F-specific phage within 3 to 5 hours.
  • Obtained results in under 3 hours for samples with high phage concentrations.
  • Demonstrated comparable detection efficiency between new strains and parental strains, with CB14 showing higher consistency.

Conclusions:

  • The F-specific Bluephage method provides a rapid, sensitive, and quantifiable approach for detecting fecal pollution indicators.
  • The method is adaptable to various sample volumes and quantification techniques like the most probable number (MPN).
  • Strain CB14 demonstrates reliable performance, making it suitable for routine environmental monitoring.