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Updated: Dec 13, 2025
Isolation of Murine Peritoneal Macrophages to Carry Out Gene Expression Analysis Upon Toll-like Receptors Stimulation
Published on: April 29, 2015
A Novel Anti-inflammatory Phenotype Transformed by Repetitive Low-dose Lipopolysaccharide in Primary Peritoneal
Haruka Mizobuchi1, Kazushi Yamamoto1, Masafumi Yamashita1
1Control of Innate Immunity, Technology Research Association, Kagawa, Japan.
Background/Aim:
Our previous studies suggested that oral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) regulates the progression of various diseases via transformation of tissue-resident macrophages (MΦ). Recently, we characterized microglia transformed by repetitive low-dose LPS treatment (REPELL-microglia) in vitro, and this response was similar to that observed in response to oral administration of LPS in vivo. Here, we examined the characteristics of peritoneal tissue-resident MΦ (pMΦ) transformed by repetitive low-dose LPS treatment (REPELL-pMΦ).
Materials And Methods:
Primary pMΦ were treated with low-dose LPS (1 ng/ml) three times; subsequently, phagocytic activity and gene expression were evaluated.
Results:
REPELL-pMΦ exhibited high phagocytic activity and elevated expression of Arg1, Gipr, Gdnf, and Fpr2. The gene expression profiles observed in REPELL-pMΦ were distinct from those of REPELL-microglia.
Conclusion:
REPELL-pMΦ have the potential to promote clearance of xenobiotics and to suppress inflammation. The present study also demonstrates the diversity of tissue-resident MΦ transformation that reflect their tissue origin.
Insights
Repetitive low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) transforms peritoneal macrophages (pMΦ) into REPELL-pMΦ with enhanced phagocytosis. These cells show distinct gene expression, highlighting macrophage diversity in disease regulation.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Macrophage Biology
Background:
- Oral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration influences disease progression by transforming tissue-resident macrophages (MΦ).
- Previous work characterized REPELL-microglia from in vitro LPS treatment, mirroring in vivo responses.
- This study investigates peritoneal tissue-resident MΦ (pMΦ) transformed by repetitive low-dose LPS (REPELL-pMΦ).
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize peritoneal tissue-resident macrophages (pMΦ) transformed by repetitive low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment (REPELL-pMΦ).
- To compare the characteristics of REPELL-pMΦ with those of REPELL-microglia.
- To understand the functional implications of REPELL-pMΦ transformation.
Main Methods:
- Primary pMΦ were subjected to repetitive low-dose LPS (1 ng/ml) treatment.
- Phagocytic activity of transformed pMΦ was assessed.
- Gene expression profiles of REPELL-pMΦ were analyzed.
Main Results:
- REPELL-pMΦ demonstrated significantly enhanced phagocytic activity.
- Elevated expression of Arg1, Gipr, Gdnf, and Fpr2 was observed in REPELL-pMΦ.
- Gene expression patterns in REPELL-pMΦ were distinct from those of REPELL-microglia.
Conclusions:
- REPELL-pMΦ possess the capacity to enhance xenobiotic clearance and exhibit anti-inflammatory properties.
- The findings underscore the heterogeneity of tissue-resident macrophage transformation based on their tissue of origin.
- This highlights the diverse roles of macrophages in maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to stimuli.
