Array-CGH: importance in the study of developmental delays in pediatrics

M I Pinheiro1, C Silva1, L Lourenço2

  • 1Hospital de São João, 4200-351 Porto, Portugal.

Revista De Neurologia
|July 31, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) identified pathogenic chromosomal abnormalities in 23.3% of pediatric patients with global developmental delay or intellectual disability. This genetic testing method proved effective in diagnosing these neurodevelopmental disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Global developmental delay (GDD) and intellectual disability (ID) are characterized by impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning.
  • Chromosomal imbalances are frequent causes of GDD and ID.
  • Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is a key genetic test for unexplained intellectual disability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic yield of aCGH in pediatric patients presenting with GDD or ID.
  • To analyze the types and frequencies of chromosomal abnormalities detected by aCGH in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 215 pediatric patients undergoing aCGH testing between 2012 and 2017.
  • Patients were investigated for GDD or intellectual disability.

Main Results:

  • A significant proportion of patients (23.3%) showed pathogenic deletions or duplications via aCGH.
  • Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 56% of patients with intellectual disability and 44% with GDD.
  • Chromosomes 1, 2, 16, and 22 were most frequently implicated.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms a higher prevalence of these genetic abnormalities in males.
  • The detection rate of pathogenic abnormalities using aCGH in this cohort exceeded that reported in previous studies.
Abstract

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