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Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's...

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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Multiplexed Fluorescent Microarray for Human Salivary Protein Analysis Using Polymer Microspheres and Fiber-optic Bundles

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Published on: October 10, 2013

Multiplex Soluble Biomarker Analysis from Pleural Effusion.

Joman Javadi¹, Katalin Dobra^1,2, Anders Hjerpe²

¹Karolinska Institutet, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Huddinge University Hospital, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden.

|August 1, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) diagnosis can be improved using specific biomarkers. Shed Syndecan-1 (SDC-1) and VEGF show prognostic value, while MMP-7, SDC-1, Mesothelin, and Galectin-1 aid in diagnosis.

Keywords:

Luminex diagnostic biomarkers malignant pleural mesothelioma pleural effusion

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Last Updated: Dec 13, 2025

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Published on: November 9, 2017

Area of Science:

Oncology
Biomarker Discovery
Pleural Diseases

Background:

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer linked to asbestos exposure with poor prognosis.
Current diagnostic methods for MPM include histopathology, cytopathology, and immunohistochemistry.
Identifying reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for MPM remains a clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate soluble angiogenesis-related molecules as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for MPM.
To compare biomarker levels in MPM effusions against adenocarcinoma and benign effusions.

Main Methods:

Analyzed 10 angiogenesis-related analytes (Angiopoietin-1, HGF, MMP-7, Osteopontin, TIMP-1, Galectin, Mesothelin, NRG1-b1, SDC-1, VEGF) in pleural effusions from 42 MPM, 36 adenocarcinoma, and 40 benign cases.
Utilized Luminex multiplex assay for simultaneous quantification of multiple analytes.

Main Results:

MMP-7 and shed SDC-1 were lower, while Mesothelin and Galectin-1 were higher in MPM vs. adenocarcinoma effusions.
Galectin-1, HGF, Mesothelin, MMP-7, Osteopontin, shed SDC-1, NRG1-β1, VEGF, and TIMP-1 were significantly higher in MPM vs. benign effusions.
Shed SDC-1 and VEGF demonstrated prognostic value in MPM patients.

Conclusions:

MMP-7, shed SDC-1, Mesothelin, and Galectin-1 show promise as diagnostic markers for MPM.
VEGF and shed SDC-1 are potential prognostic markers for MPM.
These biomarkers could improve the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic assessment of malignant pleural mesothelioma.