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Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

411
Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
411
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

341
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

862
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
862
Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

638
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
638
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

601
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
601
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

678
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
678

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
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Can Serum Fibrinogen Predict ARDS?

Onion Gerald V Ubaldo1, Ma Aurora E Lazaro2, Emily T Aventura1,2

  • 1Acute and Critical Care Institute, The Medical City, Pasig City, Philippines.

Infectious Diseases
|August 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma fibrinogen levels do not reliably predict acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe pneumonia patients. This study found no significant correlation, suggesting ARDS biomarker research needs further investigation.

Keywords:
ARDSbiomarkersfibrinogensevere pneumonia

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) presents a significant global mortality challenge, primarily stemming from severe pneumonia.
  • Current diagnostic methods for ARDS rely on clinical criteria, potentially leading to delayed interventions.
  • Previous research suggested a link between plasma fibrinogen and ARDS progression in severe pneumonia cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate plasma fibrinogen levels and their changes as predictors of ARDS development in severe pneumonia patients.
  • To assess the diagnostic accuracy of fibrinogen levels at baseline and after 48 hours for predicting ARDS.
  • To investigate the utility of delta fibrinogen levels in predicting ARDS onset.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 47 severe pneumonia patients.
  • Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured at enrollment and 48 hours later.
  • Patients were monitored for ARDS development within 7 days, categorized by IDSA/ATS criteria.

Main Results:

  • Baseline fibrinogen levels showed low sensitivity (41.7%) and specificity (57.1%) for ARDS prediction (AUC=0.492).
  • Fibrinogen levels at 48 hours and delta fibrinogen levels also demonstrated limited predictive value (AUCs of 0.538 and 0.561, respectively).
  • Plasma fibrinogen was determined to be an unreliable biomarker for predicting ARDS in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma fibrinogen is not a reliable biomarker for predicting ARDS development in patients with severe pneumonia.
  • The study highlights the need for further research into other potential biomarkers for ARDS.
  • This is the first Philippine study on ARDS biomarkers, emphasizing the need for local incidence and biomarker investigations.