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For Whom the Clock Ticks: Clinical Chronobiology for Infectious Diseases

Aïssatou Bailo Diallo1,2, Benjamin Coiffard1,2,3, Marc Leone1,2,4

  • 1Aix-Marseille Univ, MEPHI, IRD, AP-HM, Marseille, France.

Frontiers in Immunology
|August 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Host defense against pathogens is influenced by circadian rhythms. Understanding these biological clocks in the immune system, pathogens, and vectors can lead to time-based personalized infection treatments.

Area of Science:

  • * Chronobiology and Immunology
  • * Infectious Disease Research

Background:

  • * Individual variations in host defense against pathogens are significant.
  • * Circadian disruptions are increasingly recognized as key factors influencing host response.
  • * Molecular clocks regulate both the host's immune system and microbial pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review the current understanding of circadian rhythms in infectious diseases.
  • * To update knowledge on the role of circadian rhythms in the immune system, pathogens, and disease vectors.
  • * To explore the potential for time-based personalized treatments for infections.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive literature review of studies on circadian rhythms and infectious diseases.
  • * Synthesis of existing data on the interplay between biological clocks, immunity, and pathogens.
  • * Analysis of research on circadian influences on disease vectors.

Main Results:

  • * Infections exhibit close relationships with circadian rhythms, affecting susceptibility, presentation, and severity.
  • * Molecular clocks impact both microbial pathogens and the host immune system.
  • * Circadian rhythms play a role in the behavior and transmission dynamics of disease vectors.

Conclusions:

  • * Circadian rhythms are a critical, yet often overlooked, factor in host defense and infectious disease outcomes.
  • * Integrating chronobiology into infectious disease research offers a novel perspective.
  • * Time-based personalized treatment strategies for infections represent a promising future direction.
Keywords:
circadian rhythmclock genesimmune responseinfectious diseasesmicrobiotamicroorganisms

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