Pressure and force on the canine neck when exercised using a collar and leash

A Hunter1, S Blake1, R Ferro De Godoy1

  • 1Writtle University College, Lordship Rd, Writtle, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 3RR, United Kingdom.

Summary

The double-layer nylon weave collar exerted higher peak force and contact pressure on canine necks compared to single-layer options. Collar material and travel direction significantly influence forces applied during walks.

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