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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish

Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish

Published on: July 18, 2020

Alexia and agraphia in Spanish.

Rafael Gonzalez¹, Macarena Rojas¹, Alfredo Ardila^2,3

¹Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders

|August 1, 2020

Summary

This study on Spanish-speaking patients found that reading and writing impairments in aphasia mirror oral language difficulties, with severity being the key factor. Education positively impacts reading and writing skills.

Keywords:

Agraphia Alexia Spanish language Western Aphasia Battery

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Linguistics
Psychology

Background:

Cross-linguistic studies of alexia and agraphia are crucial for understanding brain organization of written language.
Limited research exists on alexia and agraphia within the Spanish language.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the clinical manifestations of alexia and agraphia in Spanish-speaking patients.
To investigate the influence of demographic variables on these conditions.

Main Methods:

Utilized Spanish versions of the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) and Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE).
Assessed 200 patients (195 right-handed) with various aphasia types using neuroimaging for lesion localization.
Calculated aphasia quotient (AQ), reading-writing quotient (RWQ), language quotient (LQ), and cortical quotient (CQ).

Main Results:

Reading and writing impairments in Spanish-speaking aphasia patients generally parallel oral language difficulties in severity.
Global, mixed non-fluent, and transcortical motor aphasias showed the most severe reading and writing deficits.
Higher education levels correlated positively with reading and writing test scores; age showed a negative correlation.

Conclusions:

Reading and writing disturbances in Spanish-speaking aphasia patients are closely linked to the severity of oral language impairments.
This study provides valuable insights for the clinical management of patients with reading and writing deficits.
Findings emphasize the importance of considering educational background in assessing and treating alexia and agraphia.