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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
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Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Published on: June 29, 2013

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Right ventricular dysfunction identified by abnormal strain values precedes evident growth restriction in small for

Noortje H M van Oostrum1,2,3, Daisy A A van der Woude1,2, Sally-Ann B Clur4

  • 1Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, The Netherlands.

Prenatal Diagnosis
|August 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Early detection of fetuses that will be small for gestational age (SGA) is possible. Increased right ventricle global longitudinal strain (RV-GLS) measured by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) before 23 weeks may predict SGA.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Obstetrics
  • Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses face increased risks.
  • Placental insufficiency impacts fetal circulation and cardiac function.
  • Antenatal diagnosis of SGA is often challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if fetal cardiac deformation can predict SGA.
  • To compare cardiac strain in SGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses early in pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal prospective cohort study was conducted.
  • Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and strain rate (GLSR) were measured using 2D speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) before 23 weeks.
  • Measurements were compared between SGA and AGA fetuses.

Main Results:

  • SGA fetuses had significantly increased heart rates (158 vs 148 bpm).
  • Right ventricle global longitudinal strain (RV-GLS) was significantly increased in SGA fetuses (-15.87% vs -20.24%).

Conclusions:

  • Increased RV-GLS, measured by 2D-STE, indicates early systolic RV dysfunction in fetuses who will develop into SGA.
  • These findings suggest potential for early SGA prediction and targeted surveillance.
Abstract

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