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Design of Solid-State Fermentation Systems for Polymer Hydrolytic Extracellular Enzyme Production by Filamentous Fungi
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Chitinase production by Trichoderma koningiopsis UFSMQ40 using solid state fermentation.

Daiana Bortoluzzi Baldoni1, Zaida Inês Antoniolli2, Márcio Antônio Mazutti3

  • 1State University of Rio Grande do Sul, Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul, 97543-100, Brazil. daiana-baldoni@uergs.edu.br.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology : [Publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]
|August 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified Trichoderma koningiopsis UFSMQ40, a potent chitinase producer using solid-state fermentation. This enzyme shows significant nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita, offering potential for biological control.

Keywords:
BiopesticidesChitinChitinolytic enzymesFilamentous fungiNematode

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Mycology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Chitinases possess significant biotechnological value but are underutilized commercially due to a scarcity of effective chitinolytic microorganisms.
  • Identifying and optimizing chitinase production from novel microbial sources is crucial for unlocking their commercial potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a chitinolytic fungus and optimize its chitinase production via solid-state fermentation (SSF) using agro-industrial substrates.
  • To evaluate various chitin sources and solvents for enzyme extraction.
  • To determine the nematicidal effects of the enzymatic extract and conidial suspension against plant-parasitic nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.).

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of a chitinolytic fungus (UFSMQ40) from Tibraca limbativentris bedbugs, identified as Trichoderma koningiopsis via tef1 gene sequencing.
  • Optimization of SSF conditions using wheat bran, including moisture content, colloidal chitin concentration, corn steep liquor, and inoculum size.
  • Evaluation of different chitin forms as inducers and sodium citrate-phosphate buffer for enzyme extraction.

Main Results:

  • The optimal SSF conditions for maximum chitinase production (10.76 U/gds) were 55% moisture, 15% colloidal chitin, 100% corn steep liquor, and two inoculum discs at 30°C for 72 hours.
  • Colloidal chitin, powder, and flakes were the most effective chitin sources for inducing chitinase production.
  • A 1:15 g/mL ratio of sodium citrate-phosphate buffer yielded the best enzyme extraction.
  • Trichoderma koningiopsis UFSMQ40 demonstrated significant mortality rates against Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita.

Conclusions:

  • Trichoderma koningiopsis UFSMQ40 is a promising source of chitinase, efficiently produced through optimized SSF using agro-industrial waste.
  • The enzymatic extract and conidia suspension exhibit potent nematicidal activity, indicating potential for developing biological control agents against root-knot nematodes.